Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride, Sodium Citrate, Ammonium Chloride and Menthol is an antitussive and expectorant cough mixture. Antitussives are used to suppress or relieve/sooth coughing, while expectorants stimulates the respiratory tract to increase the production of bronchial secretions. This then thins mucus, facilitating the expulsion of phlegm or mucus from the respiratory tract. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that relieves congestion and post-nasal drips, while Ammonium Chloride is the expectorant which thins mucus. Sodium citrate is a mucolytic, an agent which breaks down mucus, so that coughing up phlegm is easier.Menthol is a expectorant.

Indications:
● Colds
● Hayfever
● Sneezing
● Coughing
● Itchy
● Watery red eyes
● Runny or blocked nose

Pharmacology:

Pharmacokinetics:
Pharmacokinetics of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride:
Absorption: Quickly absorbed with maximum activity occurring in approximately one hour.
Protein Binding: 98 to 99%
Metabolism: Hepatic and renal
Route of Elimination: Little, if any, is excreted unchanged in the urine; most appears as the degradation products of metabolic transformation in the liver, which are almost completely excreted within 24 hours.
Half Life: 1-4 hours.

Rationale of Combination:
Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that relieves congestion and post-nasal drips, while ammonium chloride is the expectorant which thins mucus. Sodium citrate is a mucolytic, an agent which breaks down mucus, so that coughing up phlegm is easier and Menthol helps clear. LICENSED INDICATION.

Drug Interactions:
● Alcohol, drugs for anxiety and sleeping tablets if co-administered along with the medication lead to enhanced sedation.
● Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants increase the occurrence of Diphenhydramine relating side-effects.
Disease Interactions: Consult your doctor before using this drug if you have asthma, liver or kidney disease, glaucoma, epilepsy, a heart rhythm disturbance, an enlarged prostate, difficulty urinating, or if you have been diagnosed with myasthenia gravis.

Side Effects:
● Dry mouth
● Dizziness
● Headache
● Nausea/Vomitting
● Gastrointestinal discomfort.

Contraindications:
● Contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity towards any ingredient of the product.
Pregnancy:Avoid: Potential risk to the foetus has been reported. Consult your doctor before use, or if you are planning to fall pregnant.
Breastfeeding:Avoid: It is unknown how this medication may affect your baby. Consult your doctor before use.
Porphyria:Avoid: It is unknown how this medication may affect your condition. Consult your doctor before use. Infants and children: this medication is not intended for use in children under the age of 6 years.

Precautions:
The Elderly: Caution is advised in the elderly as adverse effects may be more likely.
Driving and Hazardous work: This medication should be avoided as it may cause extreme sedation.
Alcohol: Avoid concomitant use of alcohol with this medication.

Over Dosage:
A small overdose is no cause for concern. In case of intentional large overdose, seek emergency medical attention.