Indications:
- Dandruff Blastomycosis
- Seborrheic Dermatitis
- Recalcitrant Dermatophytosis
- Histoplasmosis
Mechanism:
Ketoconazole is a fungistatic agent, similarly to other azole antifungals which causes growth arrest in fungal cells thereby preventing growth and spread of the fungus throughout the body. Ketoconazole inhibits the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol by interacting with 14-α-sterol demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme. This results in inhibition of ergosterol synthesis and increased fungal cellular permeability due to reduced amounts of ergosterol present in the fungal cell membrane. This metabolic inhibition also results in accumulation of 14α-methyl-3,6-diol, a toxic metabolite. The increase in membrane fluidity is also thought to produce impairment of membrane-bound enzyme systems as components become less closely packed.
Side Effects:
The shampoo is considered as safe when used in recommended doses however dry skin, abnormal hair texture, scalp pustules and rashes can be observed in some patients.
How to use:
- Wet your hair and scalp well with water
- Apply the shampoo to the skin of the affected area and a wide margin surrounding this area
- Work up a good lather and leave it in place for 5 minutes
- Rinse your hair and scalp well with warm water, and dry your hair
Precautions:
- Do not use this medicine for a skin problem that has not been checked by your doctor
- The foam form of this medicine may make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. Use sunscreen when you are outdoors. Avoid sunlamps and tanning beds
- This medicine may cause a serious type of allergic reaction called anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Call your doctor right away if you have a rash; itching; hoarseness; trouble breathing